Create Maven Project & Cucumber Repositories - dependencies

 

What is pom.xml in a Maven Project?

• In a Maven-based project, pom.xml (Project Object Model) is the central configuration file that contains information about the project and its dependencies, build configuration, and plugins.
• pom.xml is the heart of a Maven project, managing dependencies, builds, and plugins efficiently.
• It ensures that the project is easily configurable, portable, and reproducible across different environments.

Purpose of pom.xml:

1️⃣ Manages Dependencies → Specifies all required libraries & frameworks.
2️⃣ Automates Build Process → Controls how the project is compiled, tested, and packaged.
3️⃣ Plugin Management → Integrates additional tools like Surefire, Compiler, Spring Boot, etc.
4️⃣ Project Information → Defines metadata like project name, version, and description.

Key Elements in pom.xml

Tag	Description
<groupId>	Unique project identifier (like package name)
<artifactId>	Name of the generated JAR/WAR file
<version>	Project version (e.g., 1.0.0)
<dependencies>	List of required dependencies (e.g., JUnit, Selenium)
<repositories>	Specifies external repositories (if needed)
<build>	Defines the build process (e.g., compiler version, plugins)
<plugins>	Additional functionalities (e.g., Surefire for test execution)

Common Maven Commands

Command	Description
mvn clean	Removes generated files (target directory)
mvn compile	Compiles source code
mvn test	Runs unit tests
mvn package	Generates JAR/WAR file
mvn install	Installs package in local repository
mvn dependency:tree	Displays project dependency hierarchy

Benefits of pom.xml in Maven Projects

✔ Automatic Dependency Management → No need to manually download JARs.
✔ Simplifies Build Process → Handles compilation, testing, and packaging.
✔ Project Standardization → Ensures consistency across development teams.
✔ Easier Project Setup → Just use mvn clean install to build the project.

Repositories / Dependencies?

In Maven, a repository is a storage location for project dependencies, plugins, and artifacts. Maven uses these repositories to download required JAR files for your project automatically.

https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-java

https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-testng

<dependencies>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-java -->

<dependency>

<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>

<version>7.21.1</version>

</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-testng -->

<dependency>

<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>

<version>7.21.1</version>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

• In Maven, dependencies are external libraries (JAR files) that a project needs.
• They are defined in the pom.xml file, and Maven automatically downloads them from repositories.
• pom.xml file, and Maven automatically downloads them from repositories.

How It Works?

1️⃣ Maven checks the local repository (~/.m2/repository/).
2️⃣ If not found, it downloads the dependency from the Maven Central repository.
3️⃣ It adds the JAR file to the project's classpath.